
يواجه الكثيرون ألماً وتنميلاً في اليد يزيد في فصل الشتاء مع زيادة البرودة، وقد يتسبب هذا الألم في صعوبة استخدام اليد في حمل بعض الأشياء البسيطة، ويحدث ذلك نتيجة اختناق العصب الأوسط في اليد فيما يُعرف بـ (متلازمة النفق الرسغي)، وقد تختلف طرق العلاج من حالة لأخرى، وخلال السطور القادمة سنتعرف على أهم المعلومات عن هذه المتلازمة، وأهم أسبابها وأعراضها، بالإضافة إلى أهم طرق علاج اختناق عصب اليد بدون جراحة.
ما هي اسباب اختناق عصب اليد؟
يحدث اختناق عصب اليد نتيجة تورم الأنسجة المُحيطة بالنفق الرسغي مما يؤدي إلى ضيق هذا النفق،
وهو ما يؤدي إلى الضغط على العصب الأوسط مُسبباً ألماً وتنميلاً في اليد،
بالإضافة إلى عدد من الأعراض الأخرى التي تزيد حدتها مع زيادة ضيق النفق.
وإذا كنت تتساءل عن اسباب اختناق عصب اليد فالحقيقة أنه لا يكون نتاج سبب واحد؛
لكن غالباً ما يحدث نتيجة وجود عدد من العوامل،
ومن أهم العوامل التي قد تُسبب متلازمة النفق الرسغي ما يلي:
- وجود عوامل وراثية تتسبب في وجود اختلافات تشريحية في اليد، من بينها ضيق النفق الرسغي بصورة طبيعية.
- التغيرات الهرمونية التي تتعرض لها السيدات أثناء الحمل أو خلال فترة انقطاع الطمث مما يُسبب تجمع السوائل في الجسم.
- بعض المهن أو الحِرف التي تتطلب القيام بحركات تكرارية.
- الإصابة ببعض الأمراض مثل التهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي، ومرض السُكري، واختلال وظائف الغدة الدرقية.
- القيام ببعض الحركات التي تتطلب ثني اليد والمعصم لفترات طويلة.
- كونك أنثى؛ فالسيدات أكثر عُرضة للإصابة بمتلازمة النفق الرسغي.
بالإضافة إلى هذه العوامل فقد يؤدي النوم المتكرر على المعصم أثناء ثنيه،
أو التعرض لإصابة مُباشرة في اليد إلى ضيق النفق الرسغي أيضاً.
اعراض اختناق عصب اليد:
عادةً ما تبدأ أعراض اختناق عصب اليد بشكلٍ تدريجي،
وتبدأ بالشعور بالوخز والتنميل خاصةً في أصابع السبابة والوسطى والإبهام،
ويبدأ الشعور بها في يدٍ واحدة أو في اليدين ليلاً،
ومن بين الأعراض التي تُصاحب متلازمة النفق الرسغي:
- الخدر.
- التنميل والوخز في الأصابع.
- الشعور بانتفاخ أو تورم في الأصابع.
وفي المراحل المُتقدمة من المرض تتفاقم حدته، ويظهر عدد من الأعراض الأخرى من أهمها:
- زيادة التنميل والوخز أثناء النهار.
- صعوبة القيام ببعض الأنشطة البسيطة التي تعتمد على استخدام اليد مثل قيادة السيارة، أو حمل كتاب، أو التحدث في الهاتف.
ما هي مضاعفات اختناق عصب اليد؟
في حالات اختناق عصب اليد المُزمنة أو في الحالات التي لم يتم علاجها تظهر عدد من المضاعفات من أهمها ضمور أو ضعف في العضلات الموجودة في قاعدة اليد،
ويفقد البعض الشعور أو الإحساس بالحرارة أو البرودة،
كما لا يستطيع المرضى في هذه المرحلة استخدام اليد في المهام أو الأنشطة اليومية.
علاج اختناق عصب اليد:
يُنصح بالبدء في علاج اختناق عصب اليد بمجرد ظهور في الأعراض، تجنباً لتفاقم المشكلة،
وتختلف طرق العلاج من حالة إلى أخرى،
وفي حال كانت الإصابة نتيجة لوجود حالة مرضية مثل السكر أو التهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي؛ فيتم علاجها أولاً.
كيف يتم علاج اختناق عصب اليد بدون جراحة؟
في كثير من الأحيان يبدأ علاج اختناق عصب اليد بدون جراحة من خلال العلاج الطبيعي أو وغيرها من الطرق غير الجراحية،
والتي تُساعد في تخفيف الالتهاب، وتقليل الضغط على العصب،
وفيما يلي أهم طرق تسليك عصب اليد بدون جراحة:
- استخدام المسكنات: يساعد استخدام المسكنات غير الستيرويدية مثل الايبوبروفين، والأسيتامينوفين في تخفيف الالتهاب المُصاحب لاختناق عصب اليد.
- استخدام حقن الكورتيزون: تعمل حقن الكورتيزون على تخفيف الالتهاب والتورم في منطقة العصب المختنق، مما يساعد في علاج اختناق عصب اليد بدون جراحة، ويتم حقن المادة في مباشرة في المعصم، وقد وُجد أن تأثير هذه الطريقة أفضل من أخذ الكورتيزون عن طريق الفم.
- استخدام الجبيرة: في بداية ظهور أعراض اختناق العصب؛ قد يوصي الطبيب باستخدام الجبيرة أو الدعامة أثناء النوم، ويساعد استخدامها على تخفيف الضغط على العصب الأوسط، وتخفيف الألم، لذا تُستخدم في تسليك عصب اليد بدون جراحة.
وفيما يلي بعض النصائح التي ستساعدك في تخفيف حدة أعراض اختناق عصب اليد:
- عند القيام بأنشطة تزيد من الألم أو الأعراض الأخرى في اليد؛ يجب التوقف وأخذ قسط من الراحة، أو تجنب هذه الأنشطة بصورة تامة إذا لزم الأمر.
- تجنب النوم على الرسغ أو الضغط عليه أو ثنيه لفترات طويلة.
- يساعد استخدام الكمادات الباردة في تخفيف الألم والتورم في الأصابع.
- يمكنك ممارسة بعض التمارين البسيطة التي ستساعدك في تخفيف الألم.
عملية تسليك عصب اليد:
في حال تفاقم الأعراض وعدم الاستجابة لطرق العلاج السابقة؛ يلجأ الطبيب للحل الجراحي في تسليك العصب،
وتتم العملية باستخدام المنظار من خلال عمل عدة شقوق صغيرة للغاية،
يتم من خلالها إدخال المنظار والأدوات اللازمة للعملية، ويتم قطع الرباط الذي يُسبب ضغطاً على العصب،
أو قد تتم العملية بالجراحة المفتوحة أيضاً من خلال شق جراحي أكبر نسبياً.
وهناك العديد من المميزات التي تُميز عملية تسليك العصب بالمنظار عن الجراحة المفتوحة من أهمها:
- تقليل وقت إجراء العملية.
- تقليل الفترة اللازمة للتعافي.
- تقليل المخاطر والآثار الجانبية للعملية مثل العدوى والنزيف.
ويعتمد سعر عملية تسليك عصب اليد على نوع التقنية المُستخدمة في العملية،
وهل سيتم إجرائها بالجراحة المفتوحة أو بالمنظار،
بالإضافة إلى المكان الذي سيتم إجراء العملية به وشهرته، وشهرة الطبيب أيضاً.
تسليك عصب اليد في مستشفى دار العظام:
مستشفى دار العظام أحد أفضل مستشفيات جراحة العظام فى مصر،
وهو أول مستشفى متخصصة في جراحة العظام في مصر،
تضم نُخبة متميزة من أطباء العظام من استشاري جراحة العظام،
ويتم استخدام أحدث التقنيات في تشخيص وعلاج الحالات المختلفة ومنها حالات اختناق عصب اليد،
كما يتم اتخاذ القرارات الطبية على يد فريق طبي متكامل،
وهو ما يُحقق نسب نجاح عالية لجراحات العظام المختلفة بما فيها عمليات تسليك العصب.
أهم الأسئلة عن علاج اختناق عصب اليد:
ما هي نسبة نجاح عملية تسليك العصب؟
تتميز عملية تسليك العصب بارتفاع نسبة نجاحها، فقد تتجاوز نسبة نجاحها 90% في بعض الحالات،
لكن يعتمد ذلك بصورة أساسية على كفاءة وخبرة الجراح الذي سيجري العملية،
لذا يجب البحث عن افضل دكتور جراحة اليد لإجراء العملية،
كما تعتمد نسبة نجاح العملية على مدى الالتزام بتعليمات الطبيب بعد العملية أيضاً.
هل عملية تسليك العصب خطيرة؟
نظراً لأن عملية تسليك العصب عملية جراحية؛ فقد يرتبط بها بعض الآثار الجانبية من أهمها العدوى،
والتهاب الجرح، والنزيف، أو التأثير على الأوعية الدموية والأنسجة الموجودة في اليد،
وتساعد خبرة وكفاءة الطبيب في التقليل من هذه المخاطر بصورة كبيرة.
هل يمكن تسليك اختناق العصب بدون جراحة؟
يمكن تسليك اختناق العصب بدون جراحة في الحالات البسيطة من اختناق العصب،
من خلال بعض الإجراءات البسيطة كالراحة، واستخدام بعض المسكنات أو العلاج الطبيعي.
اختناق عصب اليد من الحالات المُنتشرة التي تُسبب ألماً ووخزاً وتنميل في اليد،
وتؤثر على نسبة كبيرة من السيدات، لكن الجيد في الأمر هو سهولة تخفيف الأعراض بالطرق غير الجراحية.
ناقشنا في هذا المقال أشهر الطرق المُستخدمة في علاج اختناق العصب بدون جراحة،
وأهم أسباب المرض وكيفية الحد منه.














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